Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 in pregnant women in Córdoba, 2021-2022
Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection acquired during pregnancy can be transmitted to the fetus and cause serious complications such as hydrops and stillbirth. The presence of IgG-specific antibodies (without evidence of recent infection) is considered a protective factor for vertical transmission....
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2023
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/42667 |
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| Sumario: | Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection acquired during pregnancy can be transmitted to the fetus and cause serious complications such as hydrops and stillbirth. The presence of IgG-specific antibodies (without evidence of recent infection) is considered a protective factor for vertical transmission. Seroprevalence in women of childbearing age is variable (50-80%) and depends on geography/virus circulation, as well as factors such as maternal age and frequent exposure to children. Objective: to determine the seroprevalence of B19V in pregnant women attending the Hospital Universitario de Maternidad y Neonatología (HUMN) during 2021-2022 and to analyze the association of specific IgG with age and family contact with children under 15 years of age.
We carried out an observational, analytical-cross-sectional study. Previously healthy pregnant women treated at HUMN were included after signing an informed consent. Determination of IgG anti-B19V was performed in all patients; In cases with parvoviral signs/symptoms during pregnancy, specific IgM and viral DNA were determined. By means of bivariate analysis, the association with the predictive factors was evaluated (p<0.05).
A total of 318 cases were studied; mean age was 28.6±6 years (range 16-46). IgG anti-B19V was detected in 218/318 (68.5%). Contact with children under 15 years of age was registered in 155/318 (48.7%). Acute/recent infection (IgM/DNA+) was identified in 12 cases, 11/12 with anemia and 1 asymptomatic; 1 case of vertical transmission was detected (hydrops in RN; IgM/DNA+). No association was found between seroprevalence and age (p=0.39) or family exposure to children (p=0.69).
The seroprevalence of B19V in our population of pregnant women in the study period was 68.5% regardless of maternal age or family exposure to children. In the period studied, 32.5% remained unexposed to the virus, indicating susceptibility to contracting the infection in the future. |
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