Quantity and quality of dietary carbohydrates and their relationship with abdominal obesity in the population of Córdoba
Background: The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL), indicators of carbohydrate quality (CH), have been associated with the development of obesity. However, its relationship with abdominal obesity (AO), considered the pathophysiological basis of metabolic syndrome, has not been studied enough...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/36045 |
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| Sumario: | Background: The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL), indicators of carbohydrate quality (CH), have been associated with the development of obesity. However, its relationship with abdominal obesity (AO), considered the pathophysiological basis of metabolic syndrome, has not been studied enough.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between the quality of dietary CH and AO in the adult population of the city of Córdoba in 2020.
Materials and methods: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted. Individuals over 18 years old from the city of Córdoba, selected by multistage random sampling. 522 participants were interviewed, with prior informed consent, about their sociodemographic and food intake characteristics using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Weight, height, and AO indicators as waist circumference (WC), neck circumference (NC) and waist/height ratio (WHR) were assessed. When one of these indicators were over the recommended values, the presence of AO was considered. The socioeconomic level (SES) was constructed by combining the occupation and the educational level of the main breadwinner in the household. For each subject, the weighted average of the GI of all the CH foods consumed was calculated, as well as the dietary GL, and the amount (g/day) and frequency (times/week) of high GI foods (>70). The relationship between the variables of interest was analyzed through the Chi2 test, correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression (MLR). The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee.
Results: The prevalence of obesity was 24% and 63% of the participants presented AO, being more frequent in people with low SES (70%, p= 0.049). The average GI of the population's diet was 73.3, positively correlating with the WC, NC and WHR indicators (p<0.05). However, according to the MLR, there was no association between the exposure variables and the presence of OA (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The food GI is related to higher values in AO indicators. It is necessary to study more deeply the quality indicators of CH as possible predisposing factors of AO, thus reducing the risk of other non-communicable diseases. |
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