Molecular detection of cytomegalovirus in serum of pregnant women and newborns with pathology compatible with infection during pregnancy in Córdoba, Argentina
Abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a cause of congenital infection (0,2%-6,1% of newborns worldwide) and is the main infectious etiology of congenital anomalies, with significant socioeconomic impact due to the hearing loss and the neurodevelopmental impairment. However, epidemiological da...
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/35028 |
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| Sumario: | Abstract:
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a cause of congenital infection (0,2%-6,1% of newborns worldwide) and is the main infectious etiology of congenital anomalies, with significant socioeconomic impact due to the hearing loss and the neurodevelopmental impairment. However, epidemiological data in our city are scarce. In order to contribute to characterize the local epidemiological scenario of the CMV congenital infection, the objective of this work was to determine the frequency of detection of viral DNA in serum of patients with pathologies that can be associated with infection during pregnancy.
The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee (CIEIS) of Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola and there was no conflict of interest. A PCR technique for detection of CMV was implemented and DNA extracts were retrospectively analyzed. One hundred and seven serum samples stored in the biobank, obtained between 2014 and 2021 by referrals for diagnosis and in the context of previous studies, were included. The study sample was composed of two subgroups of patients: one included 76 pregnant patients aged 16 to 45 years old, who presented one or more clinical signs that suggested the possibility of CMV infection; the other subgroup enclosed 31 newborns and children up to 10 months of age with TORCH syndrome.
Out of the total of 107 samples, CMV DNA was detected in 4 (3,73%) patients. Among pregnant patients, CMV was detected in 2/76 (2,56%) patients. The clinical manifestations in one of them were anemia and leukorrhea followed by fetal death. In the second patient, there were no symptoms described on the records, apart from the presumption of TORCH by the treating physician. However, in this patient, a subsequent diagnosis of Trisomy 21 was also reported. Among the newborns and children, CMV viral genome was detected in 2/31 (6.45%) patients, both with initial presumption of congenital rubella (ruled out by the laboratory of the surveillance network). One of them presented corneal leukoma, while in the other there was no specific clinical signs recorded.
The results obtained indicate the need of deeper studies about gestational and congenital CMV infection in our setting, with complete medical records. |
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