Post-surgical wound complications in ankle malleolar osteosynthesis
Abstract: Ankle malleolar fractures represent one of the bone injuries of the lower limb, which most frequently require surgical treatment. Innumerable techniques between approaches and fixation means are described. Beyond the osteosynthesis technique used for the definitive treatment...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
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Universidad Nacional Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
2021
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| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/34925 |
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| Sumario: | Abstract:
Ankle malleolar fractures represent one of the bone injuries of the lower limb, which most frequently require surgical treatment. Innumerable techniques between approaches and fixation means are described. Beyond the osteosynthesis technique used for the definitive treatment of these injuries, the convenient premises to follow is a meticulous care of soft tissues, from the moment the injury occurs, in the periodic controls and in the operative act.
To describe the postoperative complications of the wound in ankle malleolar fractures treated surgically with osteosynthesis.
A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was carried out that included elderly patients with closed malleolar ankle fracture, surgically treated with osteosynthesis between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2019. Patients in a context of multiple trauma were excluded, with alterations vascular or venous in the consigned limb, as well as those exposed fracture or bone injuries of the tibia (tibial pilon fracture and / or ipsilateral tibial diaphyseal or metaphyseal fracture). Wound complications were assessed in the immediate postoperative period (first 6 weeks) and later (after 6 weeks).
The sample consisted of 49 patients, 28 were female and 21 were male. The mean age was 61 years (range 31 - 89 years). 27% (13 patients) had wound complications, 11 (22.4%) were in the immediate postoperative period (6 surgical site infections, 3 wound dehiscence, 2 delayed healing. In 2 cases (4%) complications are observed in the distant postoperative period (1 fistula due to chronic osteomyelitis and 1 keloid scar).
The particular distal anatomy of the tibia and fibula predisposes to frequent complications of surgical wounds in ankle malleolar fractures, for which we must optimize the perioperative management of these injuries and provide an immediate response to their presence.
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