Yield and morphoanatomy of two cultivars of Brassica oleracea var. Sabellica cv. 'Darkibor' and 'Redbor' (kale) according to planting season in the School Field of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences-UNC
Brassica oleraceae var. saberlica, a species native to eastern Turkey, arrived in Europe and spread to almost the entire world due to the particular flavor and nutritional content of its leaves (Tamashiro, 2017). It is rich in calcium, iron, vitamins and has anti-cancer substances, among other prope...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artículo revista |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
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Faculta de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología.
2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/nexoagro/article/view/38670 |
| Aporte de: |
| Sumario: | Brassica oleraceae var. saberlica, a species native to eastern Turkey, arrived in Europe and spread to almost the entire world due to the particular flavor and nutritional content of its leaves (Tamashiro, 2017). It is rich in calcium, iron, vitamins and has anti-cancer substances, among other properties (https://www.magyp.gob.ar/). It is a winter leafy vegetable, with a biennial or multiannual cycle, robust, that tolerates cold temperatures below freezing point between -7 ° C to 27 ° C. In Argentina, studies carried out in Buenos Aires reveal yield results that oscillate between 3.1 and 6.7 tons/ha according to Logegaray (2018). It is characterized by having an erect, unbranched and elongated stem; in which numerous simple leaves, petiolate, oblong, with curly edges and glabrous, are inserted, which are arranged along the stem through an alternate spiral phyllotaxis. It presents flowers grouped in a racemose inflorescence. Its fruits are siliques, needing a vernalization process to flourish (Cartea González, 2008). The general objective of the present investigation was to compare morphoanatomical characters and the yield of two cultivars of Brassica oleracea var. Sabellica cv. 'Darkibor' and 'Redbor' (kale) in two planting dates in the School Field of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences-UNC. As specific objectives, it was proposed to characterize the two cultivars exomorphologically during their cycle, to record different sowing times to determine optimal dates and better yields in the central region of the Province of Córdoba and to analyze associated foliar anatomical characters. The trial was carried out in the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences of the National University of Córdoba. The seeds used in the trial were purchased from the company Bejo (www.bejo.es). To obtain the specimens, sowing was carried out in germination trays. The early sowing was carried out at the end of May and the late sowing in mid-July, and in both cases the transplant was carried out when the seedlings reached the stage of 4 true leaves, in the months of July and September, respectively. The plots were arranged in completely randomized blocks with three repetitions per treatment (variety per planting season, leaving 6 treatments). Each plot was made up of three lines of 10 plants each. The plantation framework used was in borders of 0.50 m by 0.50 m, which determines a density of 40,000 plants/hectare. Both cultivars were characterized exomorphologically in the laboratory and in the field. For the analysis of the foliar anatomy, work was carried out in the Microscopy laboratory of the FCA-UNC, temporary and semi-permanent histological preparations were made from cross-sectionsof fresh leaves (water-glycerin 1:1 assembly), using traditional techniques and different stains ( D´Ambrogio de Argüeso, 1986; Gil, 2013). Nikon Alphashot-2 YS2 binocular optical microscopes were used and the corresponding photographic record was made with a 9.1 Megapixel Sony Cybershot DSC H50 and a 6 Megapixel Nikon Cool Pix S10 camera. The measurements for the exomorphological characterization were made on the 4 central plants of each row, whose height was measured (from the neck to the cauline apex), and 3 adult leaves per plant inserted in the 4th or 5th node below the apex, in which the width (in the middle part of the blade) and the leaf length (from the insertion of the petiole to the end of the blade) were measured. The leaves were harvested considering their size (15 to 20 cm long from the leaf base to the distal end of the leaf). Subsequently, the fresh weight was determined with a precision balance, thus obtaining the yield expressed in kg of fresh matter per ha. The data was statistically analyzed using the InfoStat program (Di Rienzo, et al. 2020). At 60 days from seeding, the determining photosynthetic parenchymal cells of the dorsiventral mesophyll differentiated. The cultivar 'Darkibor' has a better behavior in early planting dates, with respect to height and foliar development, being that 'Redbor' achieves similar values in the morphoanatomical parameters analyzed for both planting dates, determining greater plasticity when defining the same. The yield obtained in early planting date is similar for both cultivars. All these parameters determine that early sowing dates favor the development of the crop in both cultivars. According to the behavior and production obtained in the trials, the cultivation of "kale" adapts to the climatic and edaphic conditions of Córdoba, making it suitable for commercial production, obtaining the highest yields in the spring-summer season. |
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