Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)

This paper examines the determinants of income distribution in eighteen Latin American countries during the period 1990-2016. Our main goal is to assess if trade openness is associated with a better profile of income distribution. The results of our panel data analysis demonstrate that this is indee...

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Autores principales: Gantman, Ernesto R., Dabós, Marcelo P.
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Español
Publicado: Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas 2020
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Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/acteconomica/article/view/30503
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spelling I10-R10-article-305032022-08-21T23:54:21Z Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016) Apertura Comercial y Distribución del Ingreso: Un Análisis de Panel para America Latina (1990-2016) Gantman, Ernesto R. Dabós, Marcelo P. Latin America trade openness international trade income inequality América Latina apertura comercial comercio internacional desigualdad del ingreso This paper examines the determinants of income distribution in eighteen Latin American countries during the period 1990-2016. Our main goal is to assess if trade openness is associated with a better profile of income distribution. The results of our panel data analysis demonstrate that this is indeed the case. The effect of trade openness are robust to alternative econometric models, the inclusion of several control variables such as inflation, real GDP per capita, economic growth, the workforce skill level and the real effective exchange rate, as well as two alternative indicators of trade openness, the openness index, whose utilization is widespread in the literature, and the average tariff level. El presente trabajo analiza los determinantes de la distribución del ingreso en dieciocho países de América Latina durante el período 1990-2016. Nuestro principal interés es evaluar si la apertura comercial se asocia a un perfil más favorable de la distribución del ingreso. Los resultados de nuestro análisis de panel demuestran que efectivamente ocurre esto. Los mismos son robustos a enfoques metodológicos alternativos, a la inclusión de diversas variables de control como la inflación, el crecimiento económico anual, el PBI real per cápita, el nivel de calificaciones de la fuerza laboral y la tasa de cambio real efectiva, y particularmente a la utilización de dos indicadores distintos de la variable de interés: el coeficiente de apertura económica, que es la operacionalización más utilizada en la literatura, y el nivel promedio de tarifas. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas 2020-10-08 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Articles Artículos application/pdf https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/acteconomica/article/view/30503 Actualidad Económica; Vol. 30 No. 101 (2020): May-August; 5-16 Actualidad Económica; Vol. 30 Núm. 101 (2020): Mayo-Agosto; 5-16 2250-754X 0327-585X spa https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/acteconomica/article/view/30503/31289 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-10
container_title_str Revistas de la UNC
language Español
format Artículo revista
topic Latin America
trade openness
international trade
income inequality
América Latina
apertura comercial
comercio internacional
desigualdad del ingreso
spellingShingle Latin America
trade openness
international trade
income inequality
América Latina
apertura comercial
comercio internacional
desigualdad del ingreso
Gantman, Ernesto R.
Dabós, Marcelo P.
Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
topic_facet Latin America
trade openness
international trade
income inequality
América Latina
apertura comercial
comercio internacional
desigualdad del ingreso
author Gantman, Ernesto R.
Dabós, Marcelo P.
author_facet Gantman, Ernesto R.
Dabós, Marcelo P.
author_sort Gantman, Ernesto R.
title Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
title_short Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
title_full Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
title_fullStr Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
title_full_unstemmed Trade Openness and Income Inequality: A Panel Analysis of Latin American Countries (1990-2016)
title_sort trade openness and income inequality: a panel analysis of latin american countries (1990-2016)
description This paper examines the determinants of income distribution in eighteen Latin American countries during the period 1990-2016. Our main goal is to assess if trade openness is associated with a better profile of income distribution. The results of our panel data analysis demonstrate that this is indeed the case. The effect of trade openness are robust to alternative econometric models, the inclusion of several control variables such as inflation, real GDP per capita, economic growth, the workforce skill level and the real effective exchange rate, as well as two alternative indicators of trade openness, the openness index, whose utilization is widespread in the literature, and the average tariff level.
publisher Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Instituto de Economía y Finanzas
publishDate 2020
url https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/acteconomica/article/view/30503
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first_indexed 2022-08-20T00:59:00Z
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