Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review

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Introduction: The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction in which the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs are affected. It is usually caused by classic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine or phenobarbital. Case report: Here we present the case of a 25-year...

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Autores principales: Leonangeli, Sebastian, Fraire, Jazmín Azul, Loza, Jorge Luis
Formato: Artículo revista
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2020
Materias:
anticonvulsants
drug hypersensitivity
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidad a drogas
hipersensibilidade a drogas
Acceso en línea:https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/27857
Aporte de:
Revistas de la UNC de Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
id I10-R10-article-27857
record_format ojs
institution Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
institution_str I-10
repository_str R-10
container_title_str Revistas de la UNC
language Inglés
format Artículo revista
topic anticonvulsants
drug hypersensitivity
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidad a drogas
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidade a drogas
leucopenia
spellingShingle anticonvulsants
drug hypersensitivity
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidad a drogas
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidade a drogas
leucopenia
Leonangeli, Sebastian
Fraire, Jazmín Azul
Loza, Jorge Luis
Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
topic_facet anticonvulsants
drug hypersensitivity
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidad a drogas
leucopenia
anticonvulsivantes
hipersensibilidade a drogas
leucopenia
author Leonangeli, Sebastian
Fraire, Jazmín Azul
Loza, Jorge Luis
author_facet Leonangeli, Sebastian
Fraire, Jazmín Azul
Loza, Jorge Luis
author_sort Leonangeli, Sebastian
title Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
title_short Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
title_full Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
title_fullStr Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
title_full_unstemmed Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
title_sort anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review
description Introduction: The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction in which the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs are affected. It is usually caused by classic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine or phenobarbital. Case report: Here we present the case of a 25-year-old woman from Córdoba, Argentina, who suffered a severe reaction to oxcarbazepine with a rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis and an unusual analytic. Clinical abnormalities were reversed after oxcarbazepine was terminated and treatment with diphenhydramine and dexamethasone was initiated. Discussion: DRESS syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction that takes weeks to manifest, and is characterized by rash, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, adenopathies, liver involvement, and reactivation of the herpes virus 6, being more frequent in carbamazepine or phenytoin, and in rare cases to oxcarbazepine. Conclusions: In general, this strong medicine is not taken into account as a cause of hypersensitivity, reports suggest that it could be related to cases similar to this one, and studies that are more targeted are required, due to the morbidity and mortality of the syndrome.
publisher Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología
publishDate 2020
url https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/27857
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AT frairejazminazul anticonvulsanthypersensitivitysyndromecliniccaseandliteraturereview
AT lozajorgeluis anticonvulsanthypersensitivitysyndromecliniccaseandliteraturereview
AT leonangelisebastian sindromedehipersensibilidadaanticonvulsivantescasoclinicoyrevisiondelaliteratura
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AT lozajorgeluis sindromedehipersensibilidadaanticonvulsivantescasoclinicoyrevisiondelaliteratura
AT leonangelisebastian sindromedehipersensibilidadeanticonvulsivantecasoclinicoerevisaodeliteratura
AT frairejazminazul sindromedehipersensibilidadeanticonvulsivantecasoclinicoerevisaodeliteratura
AT lozajorgeluis sindromedehipersensibilidadeanticonvulsivantecasoclinicoerevisaodeliteratura
first_indexed 2022-08-20T01:27:18Z
last_indexed 2022-08-20T01:27:18Z
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spelling I10-R10-article-278572020-11-02T20:05:23Z Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome: clinic case and literature review Síndrome de hipersensibilidad a anticonvulsivantes: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura Síndrome de hipersensibilidade anticonvulsivante: caso clínico e revisão de literatura Leonangeli, Sebastian Fraire, Jazmín Azul Loza, Jorge Luis anticonvulsants drug hypersensitivity leucopenia anticonvulsivantes hipersensibilidad a drogas leucopenia anticonvulsivantes hipersensibilidade a drogas leucopenia Introduction: The anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction in which the skin, lymph nodes and internal organs are affected. It is usually caused by classic anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, carbamazepine or phenobarbital. Case report: Here we present the case of a 25-year-old woman from Córdoba, Argentina, who suffered a severe reaction to oxcarbazepine with a rash, lymphadenopathy, hepatitis and an unusual analytic. Clinical abnormalities were reversed after oxcarbazepine was terminated and treatment with diphenhydramine and dexamethasone was initiated. Discussion: DRESS syndrome is a hypersensitivity reaction that takes weeks to manifest, and is characterized by rash, leukocytosis with eosinophilia, adenopathies, liver involvement, and reactivation of the herpes virus 6, being more frequent in carbamazepine or phenytoin, and in rare cases to oxcarbazepine. Conclusions: In general, this strong medicine is not taken into account as a cause of hypersensitivity, reports suggest that it could be related to cases similar to this one, and studies that are more targeted are required, due to the morbidity and mortality of the syndrome. Introducción: El síndrome de hipersensibilidad a los anticonvulsivantes es una reacción adversa rara en la que se ven afectados la piel, los ganglios linfáticos y los órganos internos. Generalmente es causada por anticonvulsivos clásicos como fenitoína, carbamazepina o fenobarbital. Caso clínico: Aquí presentamos el caso de una mujer de 25 años de Córdoba, Argentina, que sufrió una reacción severa a la oxcarbazepina con una erupción cutánea, linfadenopatías, hepatitis y un analítico inusual. Las anormalidades clínicas se revirtieron después de que se terminara la oxcarbazepina y se inició el tratamiento con difenhidramina y dexametasona. Discusión: El síndrome DRESS es una reacción de hipersensibilidad que tarda semanas en manifestarse, y se caracteriza por exantema, leucocitosis con eosinofilia, adenopatías, afectación hepática, y reactivación del virus herpes 6, siendo más frecuente ante carbamazepina o fenitoína, y en raros casos a oxcarbazepina. Conclusiones: Por lo general, este medicamento fuerte no se toma en cuenta como causa de hipersensibilidad, los informes sugieren que podría estar relacionado con casos similares a este, y se requieren estudios que sean más dirigidos, debido a la morbimortalidad del síndrome. Introdução: A síndrome de hipersensibilidade anticonvulsivante é uma reação adversa rara na qual a pele, os linfonodos e os órgãos internos são afetados. Geralmente é causada por anticonvulsivantes clássicos como fenitoína, carbamazepina ou fenobarbital. Relato de caso: Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 25 anos de Córdoba, Argentina, que sofreu uma reação grave à oxcarbazepina com erupção cutânea, linfadenopatia, hepatite e uma analítica incomum. As anormalidades clínicas foram revertidas após o término da oxcarbazepina e o tratamento com difenidramina e dexametasona foi iniciado. Discussão: A síndrome de DRESS é uma reação de hipersensibilidade que leva semanas para se manifestar e é caracterizada por erupção cutânea, leucocitose com eosinofilia, adenopatias, envolvimento hepático e reativação do vírus do herpes 6, sendo mais frequente na carbamazepina ou fenitoína e, em casos raros, a oxcarbazepina. Conclusões: Em geral, este medicamento forte não é levado em consideração como causa de hipersensibilidade, os relatórios sugerem que pode estar relacionado a casos semelhantes a esse e são necessários estudos mais direcionados, devido à morbidade e mortalidade da síndrome. Universidad Nacional Cba. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnología 2020-08-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion text/html application/pdf https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/27857 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba.; Vol. 77 No. 3 (2020); 211-213 Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba; Vol. 77 Núm. 3 (2020); 211-213 Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Córdoba; v. 77 n. 3 (2020); 211-213 1853-0605 0014-6722 10.31053/1853.0605.v77.n3 eng https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/27857/30773 https://revistas.unc.edu.ar/index.php/med/article/view/27857/31186 Derechos de autor 2020 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

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