Plate tectonics : continental drift and mountain building /
Guardado en:
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Desconocido |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| Publicado: |
Berlin :
Springer,
2011
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| Edición: | 1st ed. |
| Materias: | |
| Aporte de: | Registro referencial: Solicitar el recurso aquí |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1. Contractional theory, continental drift and plate tectonics
- Plate tectonics – a change in the paradigm of the geosciences
- Early history of geodynamic thought
- From continental drift to plate tectonics
- The plate tectonic concept
- The pattern of magnetic polarity stripes
- Plate motions and earthquake zones
- Two kinds of continental margins
- Magmatism and plate tectonics
- What drives the plates and what slows them down?
- Collision and mountain building
- 2. Plate movements and their geometric relationships
- Helpful transform faults
- Relative movements and triple junctions
- Two RTF triple junctions off North America
- Relative plate velocities – past and present
- Direct measurement of plate movements
- Apparent contradictions in the plate motion pattern
- Fault-plane-solutions of earthquakes
- Seismic tomography
- 3. Continental graben structures
- Active and passive graben structures
- Symmetric and asymmetric crustal extension
- Sediments and ore deposits in graben structures
- Volcanism in graben structures
- The Upper Rhine Graben in Germany
- The history of the Upper Rhine Graben
- The Upper Rhine Graben in the Middle European stress field
- Magmatism and heat fl ow in the Upper Rhine Graben
- The large East African rift system
- The Afar Depression
- The Red Sea – from rift to drift
- The extensional area of the Basin and Range Province
- The development of metamorphic domes
- A brief history of the Basin and Range Province
- 4. Passive continental margins and abyssal plains
- Continuous subsidence of the continental margins
- The sedimentary trap at a passive continental margin
- Tracts of sequence stratigraphy
- Processes on continental margins
- Petroleum deposits – the economic signifi - cance of passive continental margins
- The Atlantic – an ocean opens in an intricate manner
- Pangaea and Panthalassa
- The large abyssal plains
- Sediments of the abyssal plains
- Manganese nodules from the deep sea
- Facies changes on the large oceanic conveyor belt
- Th e Bengal deep sea fan
- 5. Mid-ocean ridges
- Topography of the ridges
- Generation of oceanic lithosphere
- Rocks of the oceanic crust
- Pillow lavas
- Seismic layers
- Basalts of mid-ocean ridges
- Fast and slow spreading ridges and rocks of the lithospheric mantle
- Segmentation of ridges by faults
- Graben formation in the Atlantic
- An oceanic crustal profi le in the Atlantic Ocean
- Black and white smokers
- Ocean fl oor metamorphism
- Chromite deposits
- Ophiolites
- The ophiolite of the Semail Nappe in Oman
- Metamorphic sole
- Alpine-Mediterranean ophiolites
- 6. Hot spots
- Hot spots and mid-ocean ridges
- The mysterious D'' layer and the dented Earth
- Hot spots of Pangaea
- Hot spot tracks in the ocean
- A guyot evolves
- Hot spot tracks on the continent
- Flood and trap basalts
- The Azores – hot, cold or wet spot?
- Hawaii – a typical oceanic hot spot
- Iceland
- Yellowstone
- The superplume event in the Cretaceous
- 7 Subduction zones, island arcs and active continental margins
- Structure of plate margin systems with subduction zones
- Spontaneous and forced subduction: Mariana- and Chile-type subduction
- Deep sea trenches as sediment traps
- Accretionary wedge and outer ridge
- Th e accretionary wedge of the Sunda Arc
- Subduction erosion instead of accretion
- The forearc basin
- Earthquakes and Benioff zones
- The secret of deep earthquakes
- High-pressure or subduction metamorphism
- Ultrahigh-pressure meta morphic rocks
- Rapid burial, rapid uplift
- Subduction-related magmatism – a paradox?
- Rocks of the magmatic zone
- Zonation of magmas in space and time
- Explosive stratovolcanoes as indicators for subduction magmatism
- Metamorphism in the magmatic belt
- Paired metamorphic belts
- Ore deposits in the magmatic belt
- The backarc basin
- Splitting of intra-oceanic island arcs
- Gravity and heat flow
- Subduction and collision
- 8 Transform faults
- Oceanic transform faults
- Fracture zones in the ocean floor
- Continental transform faults
- San Andreas – the infamous transform fault of California
- The North Anatolian Fault in Asia Minor and the Alpine Fault in New Zealand
- 9. Terranes
- Documenting terranes
- Terranes in the North American Cordillera
- Suspect terranes in Mexico and Middle America
- 10. Early Precambrian plate tectonics
- Th e oldest rocks and minerals
- Greenstone-granite belts
- Granulite-gneiss belts
- Towards an Archean plate tectonic model
- The growth of continents
- Possible younger equivalents of greenstone-granite belts
- 11. Plate tectonics and mountain building
- Types of active continental margins within orogenic styles
- Continent-continent collision
- Uplift , erosion, and elevation of mountains
- Collapse and crustal escape
- 12. Old orogens
- 2500–2000 million years old ophiolites
- The Wopmay orogen in Canada
- The Grenville orogenic cycle and the formation of the supercontinent Rodinia
- The Panafrican orogeny and the formation of Gondwana
- The Caledonides – a Wilson cycle around the Iapetus Ocean
- The signifi cance of Scotland and the Greek mythology
- The Variscides – a broad mountain belt in central Europe
- A Variscan suture in the southern Black Forest
- The Variscan orogen in the Alps
- Paleozoic mountain building in eastern and southern North America
- How many orogenies?
- 13. Young orogens – the Earth’s loftiest places
- The Himalayas – a mountain range with superlatives
- Tectonic history of the Himalayas
- Nanga Parbat and Namche Barwa syntaxis
- The Alps – an untypical but classic orogen
- Brief history of Alpine evolution
- Lateral tectonic extrusion in the Alps
- The North American Cordillera – a diff erent style of orogen
- Laramide Rocky Mountains – an orogenic mystery solved.